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Who bears Detroit's basement-flood burden

Detroit's basement backups are not spread evenly. They fall hardest on the city's oldest, predominantly Black, lower-income neighborhoods, by nearly a factor of three.

Basement Risk Check · June 2026 · How we score risk

The flooding Detroiters live with is mostly invisible until a storm. To see where it lands, we counted the City of Detroit's own water-in-basement complaints (its 311 "Water In Basement Investigation" requests, 13,433 of them since 2023, as of June 2026) and turned them into a rate per 1,000 occupied homes for every Detroit ZIP code, using Census housing counts. Then we lined that rate up against each ZIP's income and racial makeup. The pattern is clear, and it is not subtle.

2.9xhigher basement-backup rate in the most heavily Black Detroit ZIPs than the least
68.7 vs 23.7water-in-basement reports per 1,000 homes, most-Black third vs least-Black third
1.5xhigher rate in the lowest-income third of ZIPs than the highest
13,433city-documented water-in-basement reports since 2023 (as of June 2026)
In the third of Detroit ZIP codes with the largest Black population, homes report basement backups to the city at 2.9 times the rate of the least-Black third. The water follows the city's oldest housing and its aging combined sewers, which a century of disinvestment concentrated in the same neighborhoods.

What the data shows

Grouping Detroit's 28 residential ZIP codes into thirds by share of Black residents, the basement-backup rate climbs steadily as the Black share rises:

Least-Black third 23.7 Middle third 42.9 Most-Black third 68.7 Water-in-basement reports per 1,000 occupied homes

The income gradient runs the same direction: the lowest-income third of ZIPs reports 56.8 backups per 1,000 homes, the middle third 49.2, and the highest-income third 36.7. The single hardest-hit ZIPs are all 89 to 96 percent Black with median incomes in the low thirty-thousands, and they have names Detroiters know: 48213 is Airport Sub and Outer Drive-Hayes, 48238 is the Oakman Boulevard community and Pilgrim Village, 48204 is Midwest and Barton-McFarland, 48227 is the Bethune community and Schoolcraft-Southfield, and 48205 is Mapleridge and Regent Park.

The full picture, ZIP by ZIP

ZIP codes are how the records are kept, but nobody thinks of home as a ZIP code. So each row also names the City-designated neighborhoods with the most documented reports in that ZIP, from the same 311 records.

ZIPHardest-hit neighborhoods in this ZIPRate /1,000 homesMedian income% Black
48211Poletown East, Airport Sub, Gratiot Town/Kettering117.2$35,07840%
48213Airport Sub, Outer Drive-Hayes, Wade96.7$33,65995%
48238Oakman Blvd Community, Pilgrim Village, Dexter-Linwood82.3$29,69293%
48204Midwest, Barton-McFarland, Nardin Park78.7$29,22489%
48205Mapleridge, Regent Park, Von Steuben76.7$42,67194%
48227Bethune Community, Schoolcraft Southfield, Hubbell-Lyndon69.3$33,57996%
48224Morningside, Cornerstone Village, East English Village67.2$41,01189%
48228Warrendale, Franklin Park, Warren Ave Community57.2$33,22974%
48206Dexter-Linwood, Virginia Park Community, Wildemere Park56.9$36,64185%
48235Greenfield, Crary/St Marys, College Park55.9$38,90195%
48234Farwell, Krainz Woods, Mount Olivet53.0$35,66795%
48219O'Hair Park, Evergreen-Outer Drive, Holcomb Community49.7$41,31288%
48215Fox Creek, Jefferson Chalmers, Riverbend47.9$32,87389%
48203Nolan, Hawthorne Park, Grixdale Farms43.1$34,61087%
48210Claytown, Midwest, Chadsey Condon41.9$36,07319%
48221Bagley, Fitzgerald/Marygrove, Schulze40.5$51,18187%
48223Brightmoor, Rosedale Park, Grandmont #139.5$41,58788%
48217Boynton, Oakwood Heights38.5$45,87083%
48208Chadsey Condon, NW Goldberg, Woodbridge34.9$24,04668%
48214East Village, West End, Islandview34.1$31,83380%
48202North End, Gateway Community, Piety Hill29.4$34,24462%
48209Central Southwest, Springwells, Delray29.0$37,2226%
48212Cadillac Heights, Buffalo Charles, Davison25.3$37,30921%
48216Central Southwest, North Corktown, Corktown21.8$41,06637%
48207McDougall-Hunt, Islandview, Gratiot-Grand13.6$43,96076%
48226Downtown, Corktown12.5$71,87545%
48239Far West Detroit, West Outer Drive, Rouge Park6.0$67,57057%
48201Midtown, Brush Park, Medical Center4.2$22,24362%

The full 28-ZIP table with renter share and exact counts is available on request. Neighborhood names are the City of Detroit's own neighborhood designations on each 311 record, ranked by documented water-in-basement reports within the ZIP (top three shown; pulled July 2026). ZIP boundaries cross neighborhood lines, so a neighborhood can appear under more than one ZIP. The lowest-rate ZIPs are the higher-income or newly-built ones (downtown, 48239, Midtown); the highest are the older, predominantly Black east and west sides.

Why the burden is uneven

The cause is structural, not a matter of who is more careful. Basements that flood in Detroit are mostly old basements: built before sump pumps, exterior weeping tile, and backwater valves were standard, on heavy clay soil, served by aging combined sewers that carry storm and sewage in the same pipe. That housing stock is concentrated where it has always been, in the neighborhoods that decades of redlining and disinvestment left with the oldest infrastructure. Race and income here are tracking that history; they are not the cause of the water. The result is that the cost lands on Detroit's Black homeowners, the families who stayed and invested in those homes.

How strong is the pattern

We want to be straight about the strength of the finding. Across the 28 ZIPs, the correlation between basement-backup rate and share Black is moderate (about +0.38), and with median income about -0.35. These are real, consistent relationships, not noise, but they are gradients, not absolutes: housing age, soil, and local sewer condition also matter, which is why a few ZIPs do not fit the line. This is a neighborhood-level pattern from public records, not a claim about any individual home. The data and method are fully reproducible from the sources below.

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Method and sources

Flood measure: City of Detroit Improve Detroit / Department of Public Works 311 "Water In Basement Investigation" reports, 2023 to present, counted by ZIP and divided by occupied housing units. Demographics: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 2022 5-year estimates (median household income, share Black, occupied and renter-occupied housing units), by ZIP code tabulation area. Neighborhood names in the table are the City's own neighborhood designation on each 311 record, ranked by report count within each ZIP (pulled July 2026). Data pulled June 2026 and free to cite. For the underlying community index, see our 2026 findings and published methodology; look up any community on the risk map or the full ranking. For the infrastructure behind the pattern, see our sourced list of which metro Detroit communities still run combined sewers.

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Cite as: Basement Risk Check, “Who Bears Detroit's Basement-Flood Burden,” 2026. basementriskcheck.com/detroit-flood-equity